e-LEARNING & DIGITAL SCIENCES

Mehmet Akın Bulut                                                                                                Learning and Cognition                                                                                                Ph.D. Assignment                                                                                                10 / 11 / 2019 PIAGET’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO COGNITION TO PREVAIL FOR SO LONG Empiricists argue that experience is the root of all learning while nativists propose the existence of an innate set of ideas to form the knowledge in humans. Piaget contends an opinion on learning which is placed exactly in-between these two suggestions, that’s, empiricism and nativism. He called it interactionism as Piaget believed that learning was a product of nature (nativism) and environment (empiricism). To Piaget, there were three types of knowledge: physical knowledge which elaborates on the interaction with the objects in the tangible

OF EARLY EFFORTS BY AUSUBEL TO OVERCOME THE CRISIS OF LEARNING Ausubel worked on meaningful learning which could come to be explained as cognitive operations and their interaction with experience to enhance learning. To elaborate, he distinguished between two commonly used styles in classrooms that were reception and discovery learning. In the former, information is directly transmitted to the learner, while in the latter, learners are expected to rearrange the new information on their prior knowledge and achieve their goal of the desired competency. His studies on rote and meaningful learning got huge attention, as well. In rote learning, the learner could make no connection with the newly-learned information. Memorization, leading reason for today’s educational crisis, is the common way in rote learning. When it comes to meaningful learning, however, it is safe to say that three components are integrated to form this type of learning. First of all, learners mus